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uses
  Registry, ShellAPI;

function GetIcon(const iRegKey : HKEY; const szRegPath, szRegVal : string;
  var il: TImageList): boolean;
var
  reg       : TRegistry;
  szIcoFile : string;
  iIcoIndex : integer;
  ico       : TIcon;
  d1,
  d2        : HICON;
begin
  Result    := false;
  reg       := TRegistry.Create(KEY_READ);
  if(reg <> nil) then
    with reg do try
      RootKey := iRegKey;

      if(OpenKeyReadOnly(szRegPath)) then try
        szIcoFile := ReadString(szRegVal);

        // Icon-Index ermitteln
        if(pos(',',szIcoFile) > 0) then begin
          iIcoIndex := StrToIntDef(copy(szIcoFile,pos(',',szIcoFile) + 1,
            length(szIcoFile)),0);
          delete(szIcoFile,pos(',',szIcoFile),length(szIcoFile));
        end else
          iIcoIndex := 0;

        // Icon laden, & zuordnen
        if(szIcoFile <> '') then begin
          ico := TIcon.Create;
          if(ico <> nil) then try
            if(ExtractIconEx(pchar(szIcoFile),iIcoIndex,
              d1,d2,1) = 2) then
            begin
              ico.Handle := d1;
              Result     := il.AddIcon(ico) <> -1;

              DestroyIcon(d1);
              DestroyIcon(d2);
            end;
          finally
            ico.Free;
          end;
        end;
      finally
        CloseKey;
      end;
    finally
      Free;
    end;
end;                    

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procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
const
  szControlPanel   = 'CLSID\{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}\DefaultIcon';
  szRecycleBinPath = 'CLSID\{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}\DefaultIcon';
  szHttpPath       = 'http\DefaultIcon';
begin
  GetIcon(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,  // Registry-Root
    szControlPanel,           // Registry-Schlüssel
    '',                       // k.A. = Standardwert des Schlüssels
    icolist);                 // die ImageList

  GetIcon(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
    szRecycleBinPath,
    'Empty',                  // Empty = leerer Papierkorb (Alternative "Full")
    icolist);

  GetIcon(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,szHttpPath,'',icolist);
end;