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...
var
  Form1: TForm1;
  Items: TListItems;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
var
DateiListe, Inhalt: TStringList;
a: Integer;
begin
Items := TListitems.Create(Listview1);

Listview1.Clear;
{...}
Listview1.Items := Items;
Items.Free;
end;                    

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Caption := Items[0].Caption;                    

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var  virtualListView : TListView;
     virtualListItems: TListItems;
begin
  virtualListView := TListView.CreateParented(THandle(-3));
  virtualListItems := TListItems.Create(virtualListView);
  try
    virtualListItems.Assign(ListView1.Items);

    ShowMessage(virtualListView.Items[0].Caption);
    virtualListItems.Delete(0);
    //oder virtualListView.Items.Delete(0);

    ListView1.Items.Clear;

    Listview1.Items.Assign(virtualListItems);

    finally
      virtualListItems.Free;
      virtualListView.Free;
      end;                    

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virtualListView := TListView.CreateParented(THandle(-3));