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procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  ErrorCode,ProcID: Cardinal;
begin
  StartAssociatedExe('d:\entwicklung\pdf\schaltpläne.pdf', ErrorCode);
end;

function StartAssociatedExe(FileName: string; var ErrorCode: Cardinal): Boolean;
var
  Prg: string;
  ProcessInfo: TProcessInformation;
  StartupInfo: TStartupInfo;
begin
  SetLength(Prg, MAX_PATH);
  Result := False;
  ErrorCode := FindExecutable(PChar(FileName), nil, PChar(Prg));
  if ErrorCode >= 32 then
  begin
    SetLength(Prg, StrLen(PChar(Prg)));
    FillChar(StartupInfo, SizeOf(TStartupInfo), 0);
    with StartupInfo do

    begin
      cb := SizeOf(TStartupInfo);
      wShowWindow := SW_SHOW;
      dwX:=50;
      dwY:=50;
    end;
    if CreateProcess(PChar(Prg), PChar(Format('%s %s', [Prg, FileName])),
      nil, nil, False, NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, nil, nil,StartupInfo, ProcessInfo) then
    begin
      WaitForSingleObject(ProcessInfo.hProcess, INFINITE);
      GetExitCodeProcess(ProcessInfo.hProcess, ErrorCode);
      CloseHandle(ProcessInfo.hProcess);
      CloseHandle(ProcessInfo.hThread);
      Result := True;
    end
    else
      ErrorCode := GetLastError;
  end;
end;