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uses
  ShellAPI;

function GetExecutable(const DocumentFile: string): string;
var
  buf : array[0..MAX_PATH]of char;
begin
  ZeroMemory(@buf,sizeof(buf));
  if(FindExecutable(pchar(DocumentFile),nil,buf) > 32) and
    (buf[0] <> #0) then
  SetString(Result,buf,lstrlen(buf))
    else Result := '';
end;


ShowMessage(GetExecutable('c:\Eigene Dateien\Textdatei.txt'));