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  Stream := TFileStream.Create(FileName, fmCreate or fmShareExclusive {oder fmShareDenyWrite});					

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procedure TCompo.SaveToFile(const FileName: string);
begin
  Stream := TFileStream.Create(FileName, fmCreate or fmShareExclusive);
  Stream.ReadComponent(MyParentCompo);
  Stream.Free;
end;					

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procedure TCompo.SaveToFile(const FileName: string);
begin
  Stream := TFileStream.Create(FileName, fmCreate or fmShareExclusive);
  Stream.WriteComponent(MyParentCompo);
  Stream.Free;
end;					

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unit Unit1;

interface

uses
  Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
  Dialogs, StdCtrls;

type
  TForm1 = class(TForm)
    Button1: TButton;
    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
  private
    { Private-Deklarationen }
  public
    { Public-Deklarationen }
  end;

  TMyComponent = class(TComponent)
  private
    FMyValue: String;
  public
    procedure SaveToFile(const FileName: String);
    procedure LoadFromFile(const FileName: String);
  published
    property MyValue: String read FMyValue write FMyValue;
  end;

var
  Form1: TForm1;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

{ TMyComponent }

procedure TMyComponent.LoadFromFile(const FileName: String);
var
  Stream: TMemoryStream;
begin
  Stream := TMemoryStream.Create;
  try
    Stream.LoadFromFile(FileName);
    Stream.ReadComponent(Self);
  finally
    Stream.Free;
  end;
end;

procedure TMyComponent.SaveToFile(const FileName: String);
var
  Stream: TMemoryStream;
begin
  Stream := TMemoryStream.Create;
  try
    Stream.WriteComponent(Self);
    Stream.SaveToFile(FileName);
  finally
    Stream.Free;
  end;
end;

{ TForm1 }

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin

  with TMyComponent.Create(nil) do
    try
      MyValue := 'Hello World!';
      SaveToFile('C:\MyComponent.dat');
    finally
      Free;
    end;

  with TMyComponent.Create(nil) do
    try
      LoadFromFile('C:\MyComponent.dat');
      ShowMessage(MyValue);
    finally
      Free;
    end;

end;

end.					

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procedure TMyComponent.LoadFromFile(const FileName: String);
var
  Stream: TMemoryStream;
begin
  Stream := TMemoryStream.Create;
  try
    Stream.LoadFromFile(FileName);
    Stream.position=0;
    Stream.ReadComponent(Self);
  finally
    Stream.Free;
  end;
end;